Already early Rudolf Diesel (1858 - 1913) was interested in diesel engines. In his youth he was fascinated by the automobile engines of Lenoir and the steam engines that were usual at his time. During his study he learned of his teacher, professor Linde, a famous inventor, that the thermal engine could reach by far a better performance. He referred to the young Frenchman Sadi Carnot (1796 - 1832), who discovered the Carnot' cyclic process, a physical principle that describes the ideal process of the automobile burn in an diesel engine (read more about it in the physics section).
Diesel was pursued from now on by the thought to build such an diesel engine. 1890, Diesel had the crucial idea, how the automobile cumbustion process could be improved: The engine takes in just air, which is to be compressed now to a pressure of about 200 bar. At this point, heavy automobile fuel (such as automobile crude oil or petroleum) gets injected by an injector in the air that is heated up because of the huge pressure. The high themperature leads immediately to the inflammation of the automobile fuel by autoignition, which makes a spark plug unnecessary.
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